Catatan kaki

1. ^ Since classical and modern concepts of state do not coincide, other possibilities include Res publica Romana, Imperium Romanum or Romanorum (also in Greek: Βασιλείᾱ τῶν Ῥωμαίων – Basileíā tôn Rhōmaíōn – ["Dominion (Literally 'kingdom') of the Romans"]) and Romania. Res publica, as a term denoting the Roman "commonwealth" in general, can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial era, while Imperium Romanum (or, sometimes, Romanorum) is used to refer to the territorial extent of Roman authority. Populus Romanus, "the Roman people", is often used for the Roman state dealing with other nations. The term Romania, initially a colloquial term for the empire's territory as well as the collectivity of its inhabitants, appears in Greek and Latin sources from the fourth century onward and was eventually carried over to the Byzantine Empire. (See Wolff, R.L. "Romania: The Latin Empire of Constantinople". In: Speculum, 23 (1948), pp. 1–34 (pp. 2–3).)
2. ^ Dalam pertikaian Akhir Republik, ratusan senator dibunuh atau meninggal, dan Senat Romawi diisi kembali dengan orang-orang pendukung Triumvirat Pertama dan kemudian dengan para pendukung Triumvirat Kedua.
3. ^ Oktavianus/Augustus secara resmi mengumumkan bahwa dia telah menyelamatkan Republik Romawi dan secara hati-hati menyamarkan kekuasaannya di bawah bentuk republik; konsul terus dipilih, tribunus kaum plebeian terus mengusulkan undang-undang, dan senator masih berdiskusi di Curia Romawi. Akan tetapi, Oktavianus sendirilah, serta para kaisar berikutnya, yang menentukan segalanya dan mengendalikan keputusan akhir, dan memiliki legiun untuk membantunya jika dibutuhkan.